From mythology to science: the development of scientific hydrological concepts in Greek antiquity and its relevance to modern hydrology

Abstract. Whilst hydrology is a Greek term, it was not in use the Classical literature, but much later, during Renaissance, its Latin form, hydrologia. On other hand, natural philosophers (or, modern vocabulary, scientists) created robust knowledge related scientific areas, to which they gave names such as meteorology, climate and hydraulics. These terms are now common internationally. laid foundation for hydrological concepts cycle entirety. Knowledge development brought about by searches technological solutions practical problems well curiosity. While initial explanations belong sphere of mythology, rise philosophy accompanied quest descriptions phenomena. It appears that first geophysical problem formulated explanation flood regime Nile, then regarded paradox because spectacular difference from river flow Greece, i.e. fact Nile flooding occurs summer when most Mediterranean rainfall very low. early attempts were unsuccessful, Aristotle able formulate correct hypothesis, he tested through what be expedition history, transition Hellenistic periods. The period advances all fields including hydrology, an example definition measurement discharge Heron Alexandria. confirm understood Ancient yet poses question why accepted and, instead, ancient mythical views preferred up 18th century.